Later, it was unified under the House of Bourbon with the Kingdom of Naples as the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Norman conquest of southern Italy led to the creation of the County of Sicily in 1071, that was succeeded by Kingdom of Sicily, a state that existed from 1130 until 1816. After the end of the Roman province of Sicilia with the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, Sicily was ruled during the Early Middle Ages by the Vandals, the Ostrogoths, the Byzantine Empire, and the Emirate of Sicily. By around 750 BC, Sicily had three Phoenician and a dozen Greek colonies and it was later the site of the Sicilian Wars and the Punic Wars. The earliest archaeological evidence of human activity on the island dates from as early as 12,000 BC. The island has a typical Mediterranean climate. Its most prominent landmark is Mount Etna, the tallest active volcano in Europe, and one of the most active in the world, currently 3,357 m (11,014 ft) high. Sicily is in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe, from which it is separated by the narrow Strait of Messina. It is one of the five Italian autonomous regions and is officially referred to as Regione Siciliana. The Strait of Messina divides it from the region of Calabria in Southern Italy. Sicily ( Italian: Sicilia Sicilian: Sicilia ) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 20 regions of Italy.
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